What is a cell? (explain)
A cell is the most basic unit of life. A cell is the basic structural, functional, biological unit of all known living organisms - plant and animal.
Click link to watch video on cells.
http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/
Click link and fill in the blanks for the cell, print and hand in to teacher.
http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/activity/
There are many types of cells. Here is a list, but this is only a few:
- blood cells - red and white
- skin cells
- animal cells
- plant cells
- brain cells
- cancer cells
Click link to watch video on cells.
http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/
Click link and fill in the blanks for the cell, print and hand in to teacher.
http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/activity/
There are many types of cells. Here is a list, but this is only a few:
- blood cells - red and white
- skin cells
- animal cells
- plant cells
- brain cells
- cancer cells
What does a cell look like? (explore)
Click on the link to compare the size of a cell to other things. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cells/scale/
Slide the bar back and forth to get a view of other items to compare to the actual size of a cell.
Questions to ponder:
What did you notice about how big a skin cell is compared to a coffee bean?
What about the rhino virus (common cold virus)?
How does the rhino virus compare in size to the coffee bean?
How does the rhino virus compare in size to the skin cell?
Slide the bar back and forth to get a view of other items to compare to the actual size of a cell.
Questions to ponder:
What did you notice about how big a skin cell is compared to a coffee bean?
What about the rhino virus (common cold virus)?
How does the rhino virus compare in size to the coffee bean?
How does the rhino virus compare in size to the skin cell?
What do scientists do with cells? (explore, explain)
Louis Pasteur - Who is Louis Pasteur? Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822 in France and died on September 28, 1895. Pasteur was one of the most important founders of medical microbiology. He proved that most infections are caused by micro-organisms, also called "germ theory." Pasteur has a long list of contributions. Below is a list of only a few:
- discovered germs
- discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease
- originated the process of pasteurization - where bacteria is destroyed by heating beverages and allowing them to cool
- saved the beer, wine, and silk industries in France
- developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies
Questions to ponder:
What is anthrax? Is it the same anthrax that has been used in the last 10-15 years to poison people with? How and what did Pasteur do to develop the vaccine?
http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/anthrax.html
What is rabies? How did Pasteur know how to discover a vaccine? How and what did Pasteur do to develop the vaccine?
http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/rabies.html
Click on the links below for more information on Pasteur.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/scientists/louispasteur.html
http://www.ducksters.com/biography/scientists/louis_pasteur.php
Jonas Salk - Who is Jonas Salk? Salk was born on October 28, 1914 in New York City. He worked with groups of doctors and scientists in 1942 to find a vaccine against the flu. But in 1947 He became had of the Virus Research Lab at the University of Pittsburgh. This is where he began to do research on finding a vaccine for polio.
What is polio? http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=285&id=2876
Click on link to go to time line of Salk's discovery of the polio vaccine.
http://www.salk.edu/about/discovery_timeline.html
Questions to ponder:
What year did Salk finally have his vaccine ready to release to the United States?
Why do you think that his research and discovery of a vaccine for polio was important?
How did he go about finding a vaccine for polio?
George Gey - Who is George Gey (pronounced Guy)? George Gey was born July 6, 1899 in Pittsburgh, Pennslyvania and did on November 8, 1970. George Gey was a scientist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. His job was to study cancer cells. He would receive samples from doctors and he spent his whole life studying these cell samples. Gey developed techniques for filming and photographing cell growth within test tubes. He was also the founder of the Tissue Culture Association. One day in 1951, a doctor who was trying to develop ways to treat cervical cancer, came to Gey with a tissue sample from a lady name Henrietta Lacks. These cells became an immortal line of cells called HeLa. These cells were cancerous cells they grew at an enormous rate. They are all over the world because Gey sent them to scientists all over the world in the 1950's because they replicated so quickly. the HeLa cells were important in the finding of the polio vaccine. They are still used to this day for research.
- discovered germs
- discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease
- originated the process of pasteurization - where bacteria is destroyed by heating beverages and allowing them to cool
- saved the beer, wine, and silk industries in France
- developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies
Questions to ponder:
What is anthrax? Is it the same anthrax that has been used in the last 10-15 years to poison people with? How and what did Pasteur do to develop the vaccine?
http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/anthrax.html
What is rabies? How did Pasteur know how to discover a vaccine? How and what did Pasteur do to develop the vaccine?
http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/rabies.html
Click on the links below for more information on Pasteur.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/scientists/louispasteur.html
http://www.ducksters.com/biography/scientists/louis_pasteur.php
Jonas Salk - Who is Jonas Salk? Salk was born on October 28, 1914 in New York City. He worked with groups of doctors and scientists in 1942 to find a vaccine against the flu. But in 1947 He became had of the Virus Research Lab at the University of Pittsburgh. This is where he began to do research on finding a vaccine for polio.
What is polio? http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=285&id=2876
Click on link to go to time line of Salk's discovery of the polio vaccine.
http://www.salk.edu/about/discovery_timeline.html
Questions to ponder:
What year did Salk finally have his vaccine ready to release to the United States?
Why do you think that his research and discovery of a vaccine for polio was important?
How did he go about finding a vaccine for polio?
George Gey - Who is George Gey (pronounced Guy)? George Gey was born July 6, 1899 in Pittsburgh, Pennslyvania and did on November 8, 1970. George Gey was a scientist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. His job was to study cancer cells. He would receive samples from doctors and he spent his whole life studying these cell samples. Gey developed techniques for filming and photographing cell growth within test tubes. He was also the founder of the Tissue Culture Association. One day in 1951, a doctor who was trying to develop ways to treat cervical cancer, came to Gey with a tissue sample from a lady name Henrietta Lacks. These cells became an immortal line of cells called HeLa. These cells were cancerous cells they grew at an enormous rate. They are all over the world because Gey sent them to scientists all over the world in the 1950's because they replicated so quickly. the HeLa cells were important in the finding of the polio vaccine. They are still used to this day for research.
What do you know? (evaluate)
Let's see what you know: Click on the link to build an animal and plant cell.
http://sepuplhs.org/high/sgi/teachers/cell_sim.html
Do cells differ in size?
How can you make a difference?
http://sepuplhs.org/high/sgi/teachers/cell_sim.html
Do cells differ in size?
How can you make a difference?
Teacher's corner:
This science portion is to give students an understanding that cells are really small in comparison to other things that they may interact with on a daily basis. It is also to be used to have a background on scientists and what their impact on research has affected their lives now.
Guiding question: What is the effect of cell research on our lives?
NGSS:
5-PS1-1 - Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen. (cells are really very small)
5-PS1-4 - Conduct an investigation to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances. (How did the scientists mix cells and substances to figure out that they had a cure?)
Continuation of Learning:
The student will make a replica of a cell - plant, animal, blood cell, cancer cell, etc. of their choosing, with approval from teacher.
The student will take scrapings of inside of mouth and put on a slide. Then they will look at it under a microscope. They will draw what they see.
The student will take scrapings of inside of mouth and put in petri dish and let incubate for different periods of time (1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 1 month, 2 months); they will then look at them under microscope and draw and make notes on what they see.
This science portion is to give students an understanding that cells are really small in comparison to other things that they may interact with on a daily basis. It is also to be used to have a background on scientists and what their impact on research has affected their lives now.
Guiding question: What is the effect of cell research on our lives?
NGSS:
5-PS1-1 - Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen. (cells are really very small)
5-PS1-4 - Conduct an investigation to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances. (How did the scientists mix cells and substances to figure out that they had a cure?)
Continuation of Learning:
The student will make a replica of a cell - plant, animal, blood cell, cancer cell, etc. of their choosing, with approval from teacher.
The student will take scrapings of inside of mouth and put on a slide. Then they will look at it under a microscope. They will draw what they see.
The student will take scrapings of inside of mouth and put in petri dish and let incubate for different periods of time (1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 1 month, 2 months); they will then look at them under microscope and draw and make notes on what they see.